风力发电系统MPPT特性测控系统设计
电子技术应用
吕富勇,王杰,杜彤,刘泽宇,徐佳瑞,王亚洲
南京信息工程大学 自动化学院
摘要:在中小型永磁同步风力发电机中,桥式整流+DC/DC变换器拓扑具有结构简单的优点,其中DC/DC电路有Boost和Buck两种拓扑,探究两者的最大功率点跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)控制性能区别是对其优化设计的关键,测控系统是性能分析的重要手段。通过系统总体方案设计,确认了系统参数及指标;分析了四桥臂DC/DC拓扑,并基于高端电流采样和隔离采样技术实现了系统电压、电流、功率和频率的采集,设计了功率驱动及单片机控制电路;探讨了适合单片机的MPPT爬坡搜索法软件;给出了基于LabVIEW的上位机操控系统的软件设计实现;搭建了测控系统,进行了MPPT和两种拓扑测控结果对比实验。实验结果表明测控系统达到了设计目标。
中图分类号:TP23 文献标志码:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.246085
中文引用格式:吕富勇,王杰,杜彤,等. 风力发电系统MPPT特性测控系统设计[J]. 电子技术应用,2025,51(5):26-32.
英文引用格式:Lv Fuyong,Wang Jie,Du Tong,et al. Design of MPPT characteristic measurement and control system for wind power generation system[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2025,51(5):26-32.
中文引用格式:吕富勇,王杰,杜彤,等. 风力发电系统MPPT特性测控系统设计[J]. 电子技术应用,2025,51(5):26-32.
英文引用格式:Lv Fuyong,Wang Jie,Du Tong,et al. Design of MPPT characteristic measurement and control system for wind power generation system[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2025,51(5):26-32.
Design of MPPT characteristic measurement and control system for wind power generation system
Lv Fuyong,Wang Jie,Du Tong,Liu Zeyu,Xu Jiarui,Wang Yazhou
College of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
Abstract:In small and medium-sized permanent magnet synchronous wind turbines, the bridge rectifier + DC / DC converter topology has the advantages of simple structure. The DC / DC circuit has Boost and Buck topologies. Exploring the difference between the maximum power point tracking ( MPPT ) control performance of the two is the key to its optimal design. The measurement and control system is an important means of performance analysis. Through the overall scheme design of the system, the system parameters and indexes are confirmed. The four-leg DC / DC topology is analyzed, and the acquisition of system voltage, current, power and frequency is realized based on high-end current sampling and isolated sampling technology. The power drive and single chip microcomputer control circuit are designed. The software of MPPT climbing search method suitable for single chip microcomputer is discussed. The software design and implementation of the upper computer control system based on LabVIEW is given. The measurement and control system is built, and the MPPT and two topology measurement and control results are compared. The experimental results show that the measurement and control system has achieved the design goal.
Key words :LabVIEW;wind power generation system;DC/DC converter;measurement and control system;data acquisition and processing
引言
时代背景下,国家正在推动对可再生能源的研究[1]。风能作为可再生能源,具有成本低、分布广等特点,已经成为人类生活与发展离不开的重要资源之一[2]。因为风力发电可以有效地利用风能产生电力,所以风力发电的研究越来越受人们的关注[3]。在中小型永磁同步风力发电机中常用的桥式整流+DC/DC电路结构所组成的风力发电机系统[4-5]中,利用Boost电路[6-9]和Buck电路[10-13]控制风力发电机进行最大功率点跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)控制是常用的控制方法。
由文献可知,Boost与Buck有不同的应用场景,但目前对于两种拓扑控制下的工作特性分析和对比较少。针对分别在两种拓扑控制下的风力发电系统MPPT特性分析与限制条件的研究,设计了一套风力发电系统MPPT特性测控系统,用于对特性进行分析、对比与研究,并通过理论分析,确定了测控系统的测控参数与指标。硬件部分,搭建桥式整流+ DC/DC电路、检测电路和控制电路。软件部分利用STC32G[14]单片机NI的LabVIEW开发平台[15-16]完成。整个测控系统可以完成对桥式整流+DC/DC电路拓扑所组成的风力发电系统进行驱动控制和数据采集与处理。
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作者信息:
吕富勇,王杰,杜彤,刘泽宇,徐佳瑞,王亚洲
(南京信息工程大学 自动化学院,江苏 南京 210044)
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